The Bell Jar Analysis - 750 Words

For most adolescents, the coming-of-age period can challenging and painful. For Esther Greenwood in â€Å"The Bell Jar† by Sylvia Plath, however, coming-of-age is literally life-threatening. As she notices the differences between herself and her friends and attempts to find meaning in her life, Esther regresses into madness, and then makes several unsuccessful attempts to end her life using various means. The source of Esther’s discontent, however, is never entirely clear. In, â€Å"The Bell Jar† by Sylvia Plath, the author expresses that Esther’s journey and events are that of a coming-to-age realization or story for her. Experiences for a women like Esther (in this sense of a coming-to-age realization) are supposed to positive and encouraging,†¦show more content†¦With her attempted suicide being interpreted as a noble, her gradual steps towards sanity and survival are dignified. Esther has made a significant recovery through contrasting Esthers concrete independent attitude with the false confidence that Joan displays before her suicide. Plath contrasts Esthers resolve, even when making poor decision such as sleeping with Irwin, to the random behavior displayed by Joan Giling. Joan shifts from location to location, unsure of what she will be; this parallels the behavior demonstrated by Esther during the early chapter of the novel, and thus indicates how far Esther has progressed. Near the end of the book, Esther emerges from her trials with a clear understanding of her own mental health, the strength that she summoned to help her survive, and increased confidence in her skepticism of society. Esther adopts a new tone here, specifically stating that she feels free and rejuvenated. While previously demonstrated through Esthers actions and attitude, Plath makes this explicit through Esthers self-confident narration in which she states outright that she is patched, retreaded and approved for the road. Plath still concedes that Esther may never fully be cured, as when Esther wondersShow MoreRelatedThe Bell Jar Analysis1429 Words   |  6 PagesEsther Greenwood, the protagonist of The Bell Jar by Silvia Plath, is cast under the spell of her own depression and the story of being released from the spell follows the structure of one of the 7 plot types Christopher Booker created. These 7 plot archetypes include the Quest, Voyage and Return, Comedy, Tragedy, Overcomin g the Monster, Rags to Riches, and lastly the archetype of Rebirth. The novel The Bell Jar is classified as the Rebirth plot, in accordance with the 5 stages that make up saidRead MoreThe Bell Jar : Literary Analysis2261 Words   |  10 PagesLeBouef 1 Breana LeBouef Mrs. Smith English III 9 November 2014 The Bell Jar: Literary Analysis With Author Biography Sylvia Plath is a renowned poet and author. She fantasied the world with her powerful writings. Beloved to the world, she truly changed women s status. She wrote distinctively from her own life experiences. This is cleared showed in her book, The Bell Jar. This book offers a theme of rebirth and a theme of feminism. The 27th of October in 1932, Sylvia Plath was bornRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Bell Jar 1536 Words   |  7 Pagesabnormality may be seen as bad or undesirable (Boundless). Sylvia Plath, the author of The Bell Jar, writes in a very simple and ordinary but exceptionally unique way. She put her whole young genuine heart and soul into this semi-autobiography. Her first person point of view allows the reader to really engage with the characters thoughts, specifically Esther Greenwood and her perspective on everything. In The Bell Jar, Esther Greenwood encounters the coming of many things, including age and mental illnessRead MoreAn Analysis Of Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar1603 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"woman-hater† (106) in New York and her rejection from a selective writing course, which proves her depression is a result of the events that occur in her life, rather than her own brain miswirings. In her article â€Å"We Are All Mad Here: Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar as a Political novel,† Laura De La Parra Fernandez explains: â€Å"the moment her career opportunities dwindle, she starts to feel trapped in a role she does not desire, and that is when she begins to identify herself with the Other counter to the AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar747 Words   |  3 PagesThe Bell Jar, written by Sylvia Plath, is a fictionalized memoir centered around main character, Esther Greenwood. Esther is a young woman from Boston who is extremely intelligent and funds her education through several scholarships. As she continuously draws nearer to the end of her education, Esther begins to realize the constraints put on women in the society she was born into. Women of this time were expected to get married and have children while also giving up their aspirations of a careerRead MoreAnalysis Of Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar1593 Words   |  7 Pagesoptions. This cultimating stress leads to certain youths blindly following paths that are praised by those around them, rather than addressing their own goals and wants, and making an informed decision. In Sylvia Plaths coming of age novel, The Bell Jar, the protagoni st Esther spirals into a deep depression as she remains trapped in limbo, unable to choose a direction for her professional or personal life to follow. While Esthers frozen state is detrimental to her mental health, she avoids theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1385 Words   |  6 PagesAltering information and data has been, and will always be practiced by authors for the simple fact that they too, would like to have some sort of control over their what their readers know about them. In â€Å"The Bell Jar† by Sylvia Plath, the main character, Esther, a girl who is based on Plath herself, finds herself struggling with depression and anxiety and plans to take her own life several times but can never follow through. Plath modified biographical details because she wanted to simplify theRead MoreAnalysis Of Sylvia Plath s The Bell Jar 1573 Words   |  7 Pages How Sylvia Plath represent madness in the Bell Jar The book shows us a young girl who wants to be totally in charge of her own life where females were expected to be interesting and educated but only marry and be a good wife for ambitious men. She wants to enjoy life and experience every bit of it as she wants it to be. This would never work and in some ways she is born early. She would have been better in the ‘women s lib’ age ready for independence and happy of going places. Always able toRead MoreAnalysis Of Sylvia Plath s The Bell Jar 2248 Words   |  9 Pagesyoung and talented writer with the potential to exceed literary expectations. She was able to write a semi-autobiographical book about her struggle with depression and suicide, putting her personal story into the character of Esther Greenwood. The Bell Jar is the story of the hardships of a young woman named Esther who is clinically depressed and who struggles to keep up with the world around her. Esther struggles with succeeding in school, dealing with the pressure of finding of husband, and losingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Bell Jar A Streetcar Named Desire And Hamlet 1324 Words   |  6 Pagessections of ‘The Bell Jar’, ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ and ‘Hamlet’. Sylvia Plath’s 1963 novel ‘The Bell Jar’, Tennessee Williams’ 1947 play ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’ and William Shakespeare’s 1603 play ‘Hamlet’, share many similarities, albeit there are also differences, in the way in which the themes of death and decay are presented. Sylvia Plath’s poor mental health, which subsequently lead to her suicide on February 11th 1963, may be seen to be reflected in her novel, ‘The Bell Jar’. Death may be

Three Basic Theories of Art Criticism - 1097 Words

1. List the three basic theories of art criticism and explain each one. Just like everything else in life, art has its critics. Art criticism is the expression used to describe the act of making selective judgments, both positive and negative, about an art piece. Just as art is so diversely expressed and interpreted, those who critique it also have various methods and use various standards when criticizing an art piece. There are many theories critics use to evaluate art but there are three basic theories most commonly put to use by professionals. The three basic theories are: formal theories, contextual theories, and expressive theories. Formal theories focus on the formalities of art. Critics using formal theories pay close attention to the making of a piece, how each section of the art piece works to form a visual experience that may or may not attract the attention of those who come across it. Formalists’ attention is centered on the formal organization rather than the themes, which they deem irrelevant. Contextualists, on the other hand, valu e the theme and its relevance to the times in which the artwork was created. The contextual theories deal with the context in which an art piece is used; what it symbolizes concerning the culture and values of the environment. Lastly, there are the expressive theories. Expressionists are more concerned with the artist and the personal expression put into the work. Also, because art is a method of communication, expressive theoriesShow MoreRelatedCritical Theory : A Critical Perspective925 Words   |  4 PagesCritical theory refers to expose institutional and cultural hegemony in society deformity manufacturing and duplication, enlightenment human consciousness, awareness and ability to resist, in order to obtain freedom, liberation theory. Among them, the hegemony that privileged groups to exercise power through a variety of institutions, especially political, judicial and education systems, to safeguard their way to dominance of other groups. As all known, Frankfurt School is famous for Critical TheoryRead MoreThe Map of Art History Uses Order and Classification by Listing of Fields, Library System, and Plotting in Space and Time1053 Words   |  5 PagesThe Map of Art History essay is about how art history uses disciplines in societies to represents itself through order and classification. From many observations and theories it considers three subject: first is the listing of fields in art history, second is the library system is for categorizing art books, and third is the plotting of space and time in art history from survey texts. Also in the discussion the writer talks about the geography of art history such as where does the idea appear fromRead MorePlato s Nature Teacher s Role Curricular Focus Methodology1394 Words   |  6 PagesIdealism (Plato) Metaphysics Epistemology Axiology Learner’s Nature Teacher’s Role Curricular Focus Methodology Criticisms Plato believed that truth only exist in the mind which is the real world. Ideas or forms are the only true reality. That’s the only thing that counts, the only thing worth knowing. Truth is unchanging, Plato believed in two world’s real world the mind that’s eternal. The other appearance experienced through sight, sound, touch, taste which is imperfect. What is your worthRead MoreElliot W. Eisner : The Professor Of Art And Education1255 Words   |  6 PagesEisner (1933-2014) was the professor of art and education at Stanford University, USA. He first joined Stanford as an associate professor of education and art in 1965, then became a professor of education and art in 1970. He focused on fields of arts education, curriculum, aesthetic intelligence, learning and qualitative measurement (Donald, 2014). He served as president of several organizations, such as American Educational Research Association, the National Art Education Association, the InternationalRead MoreCommon Criticisms in Psychology Paper1486 Words   |  6 PagesCommon Criticisms in Psychology Paper University of Phoenix August 9, 2009 Common Criticisms in Psychology Paper The artificiality of inventive conditions in experimental environments is a repeated concern. How real can laboratory-based research be? This paper will explain the criticism of artificiality in the discipline of psychology and apply this criticism to at least three sub disciplines within psychology. This paper will also compare and contrast the breakthrough model of scientificRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1564 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Ideas in The Picture of Dorian Gray Oscar Wilde’s novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray was published in 1891. The novel reflects the authors carelessness and hastiness. The plot of the story is simple, however, the issues that come about are very complex. The novel is about three characters: Basil Hallward, Lord Henry, and Dorian Gray. In the beginning of the story, Basil paints a portrait of Dorian and gives it to him as a present. Lord Henry talks about the importance of being young andRead MoreAuteur Theory 11662 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"†¦ As far as I know, there is no definition of the auteur theory in the English language, that is, by an American or British critic† (Sarris 1962) was the opening line to Andrew Sarris’s famous â€Å"Notes on the Auteur Theory in 1962† essay. This essay is what brought the â€Å"auteur theory† in to the spotlight in the USA. And to today, this theory is still in hot debate. Trying to figure out whether or not the director is the lone â€Å"au teur† of a film is a tough claim to make. In an article for Slate MagazineRead MoreAnalysis Of Wayne C. Booths The Company We Keep : An Ethics Of Fiction1051 Words   |  5 Pagescentral chapter of his 1988 book The Company We Keep: An Ethics of Fiction, Wayne C. Booth uses Franà §ois Rabelais’s famous sixteenth-century comic novel Gargantua and Pantagruel as a case study for his investigation of the role of ethics in literary criticism. Through a polemics with Mikhail Bakhtin and his perhaps most influential text Rabelais and His World, Booth sets out to prove that the French novel which the Russian scholar uses as a paradigm for his definition of the carnival spirit is, becauseRead MoreAnalysis On The s Supply Side Rent Gap By Geographer Chris Hamnett836 Words   |  4 Pages This paper published by geographer Chris Hamnett traces the popularity of research into gentrification and examines the competing theories of its origin and dynamics, namely the geographer David Ley’s humanist and demand-side theory and Neil Smith’s supply-side â€Å"rent-gap† theory. Hamnett argues that both theories provide an incomplete picture of this complex process, and thus a cohesive explanation of gentrification must incorporate ideas from both. This is argued through the critiquing the twoRead MoreThe Differences Between Watching The Film And The Interactive Media Experience1293 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the differences between watching the film and the interactive media experience. Interactive media experience is a special multimedia presentation, that involved interactive media techniques and interactive media arts. Their final purposes are that creating a method of communication with perception by using presenting content such as text, games, animation, video, moving image and audio. In short, interactive media is a method of communication to circularly present a combinatorial information

Deconstructing Perceptions and Changing †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Deconstructing Perceptions and Changing. Answer: Introduction The refugees are those people who have fled from their countries mostly in the fear of persecution and is not able or sometimes willingly does not want to return home as they have experienced many horrors. There is a difference between the immigrants and the refugees as the former are those who willingly chose to settle in one country permanently whereas the later is forced to flee. In this report, the refugees will be talked about in the Canadian demographics. The issues and challenges that is faced by the refugee family will also be described keeping in mind the implementations of the ECE. The statistics on the refugees has been published in the Canadian Open Data Portals. Over the last 10 years about 26000 refugees have arrived and amongst them 7000 received the assistance from the government to resettle in Canada and about 4000 were sponsored privately (McMurray et al., 2014). The refugee protection programs in Canada are based on two parts: the humanitarian resettlement and the refugee program for those who needs protection from outside Canada and the other one is for the refugee people in making the protection claims from within. Almost an average of 11,000 refugees that came to Canada were successfully claimed in the refugee status and the rest 4000 were considered the dependents (Hansen, Maidment Ahmad, 2016). In 2014, 23,285 refugees were admitted in Canada and in the recent days it is to some extent less than 10 percent of the total immigrants who came to Canada. Challenges and issues There is certain unfathomable pain faced by the refugees in Canada that includes those of war, torture, persecution and the loss of the near dear ones. In their way of escape, they left behind their incomes, professional standing and the assets. Some experience intense trauma for leaving their hometown that may result in flashbacks, memory problems and the difficulty in concentrating, and these issues needs to be overcome so that they lead a good and healthy life in their new home country (Evans et al. 2014). Racism is another major issue that is still present in maximum parts of Canada and they need to deal with it. The refugees often have to go through poverty and involve themselves in systems that may be they do not understand (Ghiabi, Matthews Brillant, 2014). It is mostly difficult for the women refugees that has no longer access to their family, that may be their support system (Olsen et al. 2016). The Government of Canada in this case has prioritized them but the policy does not reflect that. The women are considered to be more likely the caregivers and hence are less employable. Hence, it becomes difficult for them to access their job opportunity, community and the programs and hence this might lead them to isolation and depression (Hansen, Maidment Ahmad, 2016). Implementation Through the ECE there are various things that can be designed that will help the issues to be resolved. The most important one is the wars that needs to be stopped immediately. The young children of refugees have lowered their levels of participation and enrollment in the early childhood education. As per Olsen et al. (2016), almost forty percent of these young children refugees in Canada, have enrolled in their preschool programs that are compared with almost 48 percent children of US born parents. Through the ECE there is a need to make a complete apprehension as to why the war is not beneficial and it just leads to destructive things. The outcomes are even worse like poverty in the country, loss of people, homes being destroyed and inflation. The young children of refugee groups often face lowest enrollment in the ECE such as the Somalia and Iraq, that often face the multiple risk factors. Multiple research studies have been documented that might bring positive impacts on the educ ation system of the society. The background of the refugees may become a barrier to be accessed and in most of the times they lack information and awareness (Agic et al. 2016). Through this ECE a better knowledge needs to be provided to the new generation so that the hazards and the problems that is due to the wars and how it needs to be resolved has also been described. The Office for Refugees of the Archdiocese of Toronto (ORAT) has used its annual quota for 2017 that has been specifically allocated by the Immigration Ministry. To keep updates and to know more about the ORAT there is a need to make the applications and to accept it as well. The support that can be availed from the ORAT is the information that they provide for the general public regarding any resettlement on the Canadian immigration options. They also monitor the procedures after and before the submission of the resettlement application on the integration process. They also help in assessing the settlement plans and the resettlement applications. Their only mission is to enable assistance for the uprooted people by religious orders, catholic institutions and by also providing services to the Christian community. It offers various services like the trainings, referrals, parish information events and much more and it is funded by ShareLife (Evanset al. 2014). Conclusion From the above report a complete apprehension can be made on the refugees that are present in Canada. The ORAT is an organization that works for the refugees and assists them faithfully and also aims to improve their level of service that has been provided by the Catholic organizations. This is such an organization that works internationally and nationally to ameliorate the situations of the uprooted people. The values that is served by this organization helps in operating with the accordance of the Ten Building Blocks of Catholic Social Teachings that is generally respected with the principles, philosophy and the values of the Catholic church. This organization covers almost the entire geographic area of the Roman catholic Archdiocese of Toronto and also to those members that have resettled beyond these geographical boundaries. References Agic, B., McKenzie, K., Tuck, A., Antwi, M. (2016). Supporting the Mental Health of Refugees to Canada.Mental Health Commission of Canada. Evans, A., Caudarella, A., Ratnapalan, S., Chan, K. (2014). The cost and impact of the Interim Federal Health Program cuts on child refugees in Canada.PloS one,9(5), e96902. Ghiabi, E., Matthews, D. C., Brillant, M. S. (2014). The oral health status of recent immigrants and refugees in Nova Scotia, Canada.Journal of immigrant and minority health,16(1), 95-101. Hansen, L., Maidment, L., Ahmad, R. (2016). Early observations on the health of Syrian refugees in Canada.Canada Communicable Disease Report,42(S2), S8. Makwarimba, E., Stewart, M., Simich, L., Makumbe, K., Shizha, E., Anderson, S. (2013). Sudanese and Somali refugees in Canada: Social support needs and preferences.International Migration,51(5), 106-119. McMurray, J., Breward, K., Breward, M., Alder, R., Arya, N. (2014). Integrated primary care improves access to healthcare for newly arrived refugees in Canada.Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health,16(4), 576-585. Olsen, C., El-Bialy, R., Mckelvie, M., Rauman, P., Brunger, F. (2016). Other Troubles: Deconstructing perceptions and changing responses to refugees in Canada.Journal of immigrant and minority health,18(1), 58-66. Refugees. (2017).Archtoronto.org. Retrieved 8 October 2017, from https://www.archtoronto.org/about-us/departments-(o-z)/Office_for_Refugees

Mayan Religion free essay sample

Mayan texts describe religious rituals, astronomy, and divination, and are the most valuable source of information on the ancient civilization. The most famous of these texts is the Popol Vuh (1554-1558), which was written in Quich ©, a highland Maya language, nd translated into Spanish by a priest. It tells the mythology and cosmology of the Post classic Guatemalan Maya, and shows central Mexican influences. Thats why it is the most famous text. Also the Mayan calendar is very important because it consists of a solar year of 365 days. It was divided into 18 months of 20 days each, followed by a five-day time period. There was also a 260-day sacred year (tzolkin), divided into days named by the combination of 13 numbers and 20 names. The Mayan religion can be connected to other religions such as Christianity, there were texts written 1,500 years after Christ. Also, Characteristics of this ruler are that he was born of a virgin, that he promised to return, that he had an association with the planet Venus (the Morning and Evening Star), and that his emblem was the Feathered Serpent (presumably connected to the non-feathered, brazen serpent raised by Moses to heal the Israelites. We will write a custom essay sample on Mayan Religion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Wirth) During the research I found many interesting facts that described the Mayan religion well and made it much more interesting than other religions I had heard about before. The most interesting facts for me were that Apocalypto the movie was based n ancient Mayan life and all the actors were local indigenous Mayan actors. As well as other interesting facts such as; One of the many intriguing things about the Maya was their ability to build a great civilization in a tropical rainforest climate. Traditionally, ancient peoples had flourished in drier climates, where the centralized management of water resources (through irrigation and other techniques) formed the basis of society. (The Rise and fall of The Mayan Empire) As I researched further into the religion I found more things that made this religion stand out to me. Excavations of Maya sites have unearthed plazas, palaces, temples and pyramids, as well as courts for playing the ball games that were ritually and politically significant to Maya culture. Maya cities were surrounded and supported by a large population of farmers. Though the Maya practiced a primitive type of slash-and-burn agriculture, they also displayed evidence of more advanced farming methods, such as irrigation and terracing. (The Rise and fall of the Mayan Empire) By the late 20th century, researchers had concluded that the climate of the lowlands was in fact quite environmentally diverse. Though foreign invaders were disappointed by the regions relative lack of silver and gold, the Maya took advantage of the areas many natural resources, including limestone (for construction), the volcanic rock obsidian (for tools and weapons) and salt. The environment also held other treasures for the Maya, nobility) and marine shells, which were used as trumpets in ceremonies and warfare. (The Rise and fall of the Mayan Empire) Overall I found this religion to be interesting and there was a lot of good material on how the religion came about as well as how it came to its end.

One of the most mysterious places in this world is Essays

One of the most mysterious places in this world is Stonehenge in Wiltshire, England. It is made of 75 huge stones in a pattern, each weighing 25 tons. Now, this wouldn't be so dynamic if it was constructed in modern times. However, Stonehenge is inimitable because it was created between 2000 and 3000 B.C. The anonymous people who created this, must have done an extreme amount of work because at this point in history, they had no helpful tools. A stone in Stonehenge is also almost 30 feet tall. This means that either the people pushed it up using enormous strength or they pulled it up with strong rope. Either of these would take vast amounts of power. Assuming that the people got these stones all the way up, there are also stones on the top of two stones. This is almost impossible to put because even if they had ladders tall enough to reach the top of the stone, they would have to carry a stone on one side. If this is not enough to crush the people carrying the stone, the truckload of weight on the standing stone would make it fall over and the poor people would be crushed. This is an amazing feat for people of the medieval world and would be almost impossible for them without our modern tools.

Becoming A Knight Essays - Knight, Stock Characters, Romance

Becoming A Knight Essays - Knight, Stock Characters, Romance Becoming a Knight During the middle ages, in order to become a knight one had to go through many years of training. A knight-to-be spent at least fourteen years of his life learning the proper conduct and etiquette of knighthood. Once the years of training were completed, often an elaborate ceremony took place when the gentleman was knighted. Once knighted, the man had to live by the code of chivalry. This code had the basic guidelines of a knight's behavior. This code was so respected that abiding by it brought honor and respect from others. The education of a knight began at the age of seven. This was when a boy was taken from his home and sent to the castle of a famous noble, perhaps his father?s lord. Here he served the lord and the lady as a page until he was fourteen years old. One of the many duties of a page was to accompany the lord and lady at all times. He also waited on them during meals, and went with them on various affairs doing whatever was asked of him. As a page, he received religious instruction from the chaplain. The squires taught the page fighting skills, and gave him training in arms. The mistress and her ladies taught the page to honor and protect all women. He also learned to sing and to play the lute, in order to hunt and hawk. The most important thing that he learned during the seven years as a page was how to care for and ride a horse. This was a skill that was essential when becoming a knight, because a horse was his primary mode of transportation. At the age of fourteen, the page became a squire, and at the same time, was formally assigned to a knight. He now learned to handle a sword, lance, and to bear the weight of heavy armor. Along with his continued duties from when he was a page, he now had to carve at the dinner table, and accompany his knight to war. He was constantly receiving instructions from the knight, and attended to the knight?s personal needs. He assisted the knight with putting on his armor, and had to make sure the sword and other arms of the knight were polished. He also had to care for the knight's horse, which entailed grooming, feeding, and constant attention. The squire stood by in battles to give aid in a conflict should the knight be overmatched, and to lend his horse should his master lose his own. It was the squire who picked up the knight when he fell, and took his body away if he was injured or killed. This all lasted for the next seven years of the squire's life. At the end of th! is period, when he was twenty-one, a squire who had demonstrated his competence and worth, either by successful completion of his training or on the actual field of battle, was knighted. The ceremony of the squire becoming knighted was often very elaborate. The squire had to first take a purification bath that symbolized the purity of his new life. After the bath, he knelt or stood all night in prayer before the altar on which the armor he would wear later lay. In the morning they had a religious ritual, with perhaps a sermon on the knight?s duty to protect the weak, make wrongs right, and honor women. After this, in the courtyard in the presence of the assembled knights and fair ladies, the knight's armor was buckled on. He was presented with a pair of golden spurs, which only a knight could wear, a shining new suit of armor, a sword, a shield, a lance, and a charger. After putting on the armor piece by piece, he knelt to receive the accolade. This was a blow upon the neck or shoulder, given by the officiating lord, or knight with his fist, or with the flat of a sword. As the blows were given, the lord said, ?In the name of God and St. Michael and S! t. George, I dub thee knight; be brave and loyal.? He was now a full-fledged bachelor knight entitled to all the honors and privileges

LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND COMMUNICATION Assignment

LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND COMMUNICATION - Assignment Example The goal of the speaker was to show how negatively we can use the word ‘I Am’ and delivered the message to use it positively. Pastor Joel Osteen kept the audience alive by putting a little smile on their face. He used many non-verbal skills to become the main and only focus of the audience. His gestures and facial expressions were eye catching and added more meaning to the message he wanted to deliver. Kinesics during a speech enhances the meaning of the objective and conveys the message more powerfully. In the speech ‘The Power of I Am’, the participants belonged to different race, culture, class and gender. As it was a sermon there was no racial discrimination and no class differences were seen in this video. It was a very large but well behaved and organised crowd with people from all walks of life were enjoying the speech. Men and women were together as the speech did not belong to a specific gender but was for the purpose of bringing positivity in the life of everyone. The language dialect quiz is conducted to find out about the geographical point of origin of the people who have taken this quiz. The issues that can arise during a conversation because of different accents and different terminologies will be observed from this quiz. The provided link for the quiz was conducted and a big difference was noticed between the two participant with whom the quiz was held. The participants mostly had different terminologies for words and few terms used by two different individuals were not known to each other. They had different words for the same thing and were not aware of the existence of each other’s word. They had polar accents and it was proved from the very first question of the quiz as both the participants used different pronunciations for the words. From the result of this quiz it is analysed the people belonging to different regions have

Einojuhani Rautavaara Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Einojuhani Rautavaara - Essay Example in 1954. Most of Rautavaara's works have been recorded with his Symphony No. 7 been performed too. His works hint Modernism as well Romanticism and even show Constructivism and Mysticism. He can be well said to be a mediator in the creative process. In regard to the absence of history as Post-Modernist and being a Romantic he himself commented, "A Romantic has no coordinates. In time, he is yesterday or tomorrow, never today. In space, he is over there or over yonder, never here." He also demonstrated an extended approach in his Neo-Classical period. Among his early piano works, "Kolme symmetrist preludia (Three Symmetrical Preludes, 1949) was Constructivist; "Pelimannit" (Fiddlers, 1952) was folklorish; and "Ikonit" (Icons, 1955) stemmed from Orthodox mysticism." Rautavaara has marked the field in various musical ensembles as orchestral music, works for string orchestra, solo instrumental works, chamber music and vocal music. He writes extremely melodious tunes with depth and without being artificial which is surly a great achievement in present music scenario. Einojuhani Rautavaara's works are clear influences of the most complex human emotions. The main characters are always tangled within their hopes and fears, memories and hallucinations etc. The characters are the inspirations of the actual people from history but the operas are not the mere depiction of real historical events. He has well experimented with his characters for example the title characters in "'Thomas', "Vincent" and "Aleksis Kivi", the title characters are exceptional (one might almost say deviant) individuals; in "Auringon talo", the main characters are misfits on the fringe of society..." "..misfits on the fringe of society." Fimic.fi. Einojuhani Rautavaara: A composer of Many Personas. In his works it has been seen that the layers of time form Czars to contemporary, from Romantic to Neo-Classical keep intermingling without any specific relevance but the memory plays vital role in Proustian manner. His first award winning work "A Requiem in Our Time" had clear influences of Nordic classicism of Sibelius and Nielsen as well as that of Bartok, Shostakovich and folk music. In his early career he experimented with serial technique but those didn't come out to be real series. He tried to work upon it in his Symphony No. 3 but it seemed more like Anton Bruckner than the traditional serialists as Pierre Boulez. His later works reflect mystical element having referencing to angels - a menacing figure than being cherubic for him. "A characteristic 'Rautavaara sound' might be a rhapsodic string theme of austere beauty, with whirling flute lines, gently dissonant bells, and perhaps the suggestion of a pastoral horn." ......... suggestion of a pastoral horn." Classicalcat.net. Classical Cat- The Free Classical Catalogue. Rautavaara has been greatly fascinated by metaphysical subjects. It is not any doctrine which held his belief in this nut the words of a German

Partnership for sexual health promotion in adolescent Essay

Partnership for sexual health promotion in adolescent - Essay Example The partnership approach is appropriate to PHC as it focuses on active involvement and self-care actions of individuals and community members in maintaining health and preventing disease. To adequately address sexual health promotion among adolescents, it is vital that a partnership gets fostered between community based organizations- CBO’s, schools, health practitioners, and health facilities. The ever-decreasing resources has made healthcare to become expensive for most individuals and communities. Focus has shifted to individuals and communities to partake in their own prevention, maintenance, and promotion of health. The partnership approach is vital in promoting self-care action and the active involvement of individuals and communities in their own health promotion (Courtney et al, 1996). The partnership model seeks at bringing together different stakeholders for the sole purpose of promoting health. The partnership model emphasizes the formation of a new working relation ship between the various stakeholders to promote health. The stakeholders involved in the promotion of health within a community include; CBO’s, health practitioners such as nurses, health facilities such as clinics, and schools. To effectively promote sexual health, there is need to foster a partnership between these various stakeholders so as to develop a working relationship between them. Partnerships allow for definition of problems, setting priorities, designing solutions, and defining leadership roles among the partners. All partners need to be actively involved in the process of health promotion. Changes occurring in health care delivery have called for new models motivated by leadership organizations. The partnership model originated from the recommendation of lay-professional partnerships that call for active participation of community members and not their passive participation (Bernal et al, 2004). Partnerships ensure that communities get to participate in achievin g health by supporting self-care, community self-reliance, and developmental changes. The partnership model seeks at enhancing capabilities and empowerment of communities and individual to act on their own in health promotion. The partnership model proposes that professionals should support the community and individuals to take effective action by themselves to promote health (Courtney et al, 1996). The partnership model describes the partners as active participants who get involved with the process of mutually determining actions and goals that promote health and well-being. The main goal of the partnership process is to encourage the capacity of individual and community partners to act more effectively on their own. The partnership process calls for special commitment and responsibility among member partners. There are several steps in developing a partnership process. The steps involved include; exploring potential partners, inviting partners, and finally undertaking partnership action. Adolescent sexual health in the US gets characterized by alarming rates of sexually transmitted infections- STI’s (Irwin, 1997). A more holistic and ecological approach is necessary to promote sexual health among adolescents in the country. This approach focuses on non-traditional partnerships between

Comparison of HVDC and HVAC transmission systems

Comparison of HVDC and HVAC transmission systems A substantial development of offshore wind farms is taking place in different parts of the world, yet the major issue is the technique used to transfer the energy from the wind farms to the grid. Two of the major technologies used are: High-Voltage DC known as HVDC and High-Voltage AC known as HVAC. The main concern of electrical power engineers is that the transferring of energy occurs with low losses. Taking that into consideration, the advantages and disadvantages of both technologies have been studied and compared in order to choose the most efficient scheme. The HVDC system has been put in many power transmission projects, even though some disadvantages have been spotted. The components used in this system are as follows [1]: * AC and DC filters * Converter Stations * Smoothing reactor * DC cable and return path * Cooling devices Converters in this system have been the element of inconvenience for several reasons. Some of these reasons is that converters are relatively high in price; moreover they need reactive power and have the potential to produce lots of harmonics. In addition, the HVDC system has a restricted ability when it comes to the handling of overloads. Furthermore, the most important negative aspect in HVDCs is the treatment of faults. Noting that the rated power of the recent circuit breakers tend not to be so high which in return introduces us to another problem, and this is that the current and voltage in a DC line can never traverse 0. This however makes it tough to solve the fault, but a solution has been found and it is done by the help of the AC lines circuit breakers [2]. On the other hand, HVDC systems are characterized by its admirable advantages. The latter, is considered to be uncomplicated when it comes to construction. This had a positive effect on the system since it allows it to b e interconnected at different frequencies and causes the short circuits in the DC lines to become minimized. Moreover, there is no significant environmental effect since there will be no interference with the radio electromagnetic waves and the corona effect is supposed to be even less. Finally the DC system supplies an adaptable and a relatively fast power flow [2]. The following figure shows the interconnection of offshore wind turbines with HVDC technology [2]: On the other hand, the HVAC system has almost the same advantages as the HVDC but its disadvantages are distinct. For instance, the underground HVAC cables have very low characteristic impedance and yet it needs a very high charging current. Moreover these cables are not able to pass on any load. This makes the DC cables more popular since the mentioned drawbacks are not part of their characteristics. On the other hand, the earth-return ability is available with HVDC transmission and not with the HVAC system. Major analysis has been made on both HVDC and HVAC and it was realized that distance plays a major role in the amplitude of losses. According to Brakelmanns theory, the allocation of current along the cable and the temperature it possesses play a major role in the calculation of losses. The formulae used during calculation of power losses in the submarine cables are as follows [1]: However the formula used to calculate the losses in the HVDC cables is as follows [1]: It was realized that the power produced by both technologies is almost the same, yet the HVDC could achieve marginally higher voltages per conductor. Moreover, the distance over which the cables are stretched has an influence on the losses. HVAC system have minimum losses along short distances ranged between 50 to 70 km, while as the distance increases above 70 km it is preferred to use HVDC. The following graph shows the technology to be used as the distance gets longer [3]: More factors are taken into consideration, such as the cost, consistency, quality and technical capability. Quality wise, HVDC Light technology has been introduced to the market and its advantages for connecting offshore wind farms to the grid have been remarkable. One of the main features that make the latter more suitable than HVAC is the minimized area and mass of the cables. This however permits the HVDC cables to function under maximum electric field stress. Moreover, HVDC cables are preferred to HVAC cables when it comes to installation at a very deep range, since the mass of HVAC cables are double that of the HVDC cables [4]. Finally HVDC cables have been tested in systems of 150 KV and 400 MW were the result was positive [3]. The following figure shows a pair of submarine and land Light cables used for offshore wind farm connections [3]: Offshore HVDC Grid Building an offshore HVDC grid has been an idea that most of the European countries have been discussing. Not long ago these administrations and organisations have accepted it, yet taking into consideration the technical challenges within it. As mentioned above, the HVDC system is composed of two converter stations. The converters first used are the LCC (Line Commutated Converters), but a modern system has been introduced to the HVDC system and is called the VSC (Voltage Source Converters). The latter is considered better and more efficient than the LCC since its made up of a smaller amount of components, the circuit is easier to analyze when faults occur, and the has lower losses. The following figure shows the difference in both circuits [5]: The challenge concerning these converters is that when an offshore grid has to be built both converters need to be used, since most of the submarine cables constructed are for LCC yet can function with VSC. The solution is to build a system composed of both converters and this is considered hard because of two major drawbacks: The extremely high cost of the converters and the losses. Moreover one of the tough challenges is the consistency of the system, and this leads us to the issue of the circuit breakers that have to be more efficient in order to ensure that the system is protected. Finally, the problem seems to be the funding because the technology is available [5, 6].

The Roman Family: Center of Roman Society :: Ancient Rome Roman History

The Roman Family: Center of Roman Society The Roman family after the advent of Christianity has been widely discussed in Roman History. Different historians have looked at the topic in different ways. There are two articles at hand, which deal with this very topic. Brent Shaw, The family in Late Antiquity: The Experience of Augustine and Douglas O'Roark, Parenthood in Late Antiquity. Both historians are looking at the family in late antiquity, after the time that Christianity was introduced to the Roman society. Through an analysis of the two essays and references to the classical period it can be seen that: The Roman family has always been an important institution in their society, it's composition, roles and the functions changed little after the advent of Christianity. The Essays Each of the historians has a solid central argument, and their essays are laid out well. Shaw seeks to show the structure and the functions of the Roman family in late antiquity. He also seeks to clear up misconceptions of the Roman family. O'Roark's argument seeks to show the closeness of the parents and children in the Roman family. The important thing to realize is that both of these essays are looking at the Roman family in the same period, late antiquity, after the advent of Christianity. Also important to note is both of these essays to not specifically talk about the impact of Christianity on the family. The essays can be used to reference against each other and against the Roman family in the Classical period. Information on the Classical period is given in G. Nathan's article: Two Traditions. With the three essays one can come to a good conclusion about the impact of Christianity on the Roman family. In interest of paper length the essays have been narrowed down to include only central topics. First looking at similarities, then differences. Children This is the first main aspect of the family that both historians look at. The first point Shaw brings up is that main purpose of childbearing. This was for the wife to produce a heir for the husband . The father organized the whole house around this, in preparation a son to take everything over when he died . O'Roark states that a major factor in having children was to love and to care for them . He however cannot deny that before this the realization is that the father must have children to pass everything on to .

Prevention and control of infection Essay

Questions Answers Learning Outcome/Assessment criteria explain employees’ roles and responsibilities in relation to the prevention and control of infection As an employee it is our responsibility to adhere to company policies and procedures as well as those implemented by localized procedures. This means any communicable diseases which are notifiable must be brought to the attention of the appropriate authorities. If I have any concerns whatsoever regarding the management of infectious diseases in the workplace I should contact line/project manager who will then seek professional advice. All employees must also observe general precautions, other roles specific to a particular work activities also be observe red. Roles and responsibilities of personnel in relation to infection control. 1.1.1  explain employers’ roles and responsibilities in relation to the prevention and control of infection It is the responsibility of the employer to provide employees with  information on such policies as well as ensure all employees receive sufficient training where necessary. Also to provide PPE +personal protective equipment- to all members of staff. 1.1.2  Outline current legislation and regulatory body standards which are relevant to the prevention and the prevention and control of infection. The Health and Social Care Act 2008; Code of Practice for health and adult social care on the prevention and control of infections and related guidance. To help providers of healthcare, adult social care, (and others) plan and implement how they prevent and control infections. It includes criteria for CQC to take into account when assessing compliance with the registration requirement on cleanliness and infection control. Legislation, regulations and guidance that govern infection prevention and control. Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, Management of Health and Safety at Work Act (amended 1994), The Public Health (Control of Diseases) Act 1984, Food Safety Act 1990, COSHH 2002, RIDDOR 1995, The Public Health (Infectious Diseases) Regulation 1988, The Food Safety (General Food Hygiene) Regulations (Department of Health 1995), The Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991, Health Protection Agency Bill, Hazardous Waste Regulations 2005, NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) Guideline 2 June 2003 2.2.1 Describe local and organizational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection The following local and organisational policies relevant to the prevention and control of infection are The Public Health (control of disease) Act 1984, Social Care Act, the NICE guidelines and also company policies and procedures that relate to infection prevention and control. For example with regards to own company, it states that â€Å"Any  persons suffering from an infectious or contagious disease must either have clearance rom own doctor or seek guidance from your line manager.† 2.2.2 Describe procedures and systems relevant prevention and control of infection Procedures and systems relevant to the prevention of control infection are following companies policies and procedures which relate to correct hand washing procedure, wearing correct PPE for example gloves, aprons and protective clothing, the correct disposal of waste and using the correct cleaning equipment when cleaning spillages, surfaces, equipment etc. 3.3.1 Explain the potential impact of an outbreak of infection on the individual and the organisation. ‘The outbreak of infection can be fatal if care is not taken; for instance an outbreak of MRSA that can be resistant to most antibiotics can be fatal. The outbreak of an infection has consequences for individuals, staff and the organisation. It can cause ill health to all concerned and it can also impact emotionally because people that acquire infection relate it to being dirty and some infections may require people to be isolated from others for a period of time. The organisation could lose money if most of the staff are off sick and as they will then need to employ more staff which they will be paying to cover in addition to staff that are off sick. The organisation could also be fined by not complying with the law and in turn this will damage their reputation. 3.3.2 Define ‘RISK’ Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss 4.4.1 Outline potential risks of infection within the workplace In the workplace supporting individuals with personal care activities and  sharing facilities with others involve coming into contact with bodily fluids which contain pathogens. Cleaning areas such as bathrooms that are dirty and where bodily fluids are present may be more likely to be contaminated with pathogens. Handling laundry that may be dirty or contaminated with bodily fluids can also contain pathogens. Handling of disposing of clinical waste, emptying waste containers and receptacles, that may also be contaminated with pathogens. Providing personal care activities that require being close to an individual and dealing with bodily fluids increases the chance of infections spreading. Sometimes support workers may be exposed to high risk situations where the risk of infection spreading is higher such as in an individual’s home where the support worker is supporting with personal care but then also other activities such as handling food and disposing of waste.’ 4.4.2 Describe the process of carrying out a risk assessment Risk assessment helps makes us aware of the risks involved in any activity and know how to reduce or remove the risk. It also helps to protect the organisation’s reputation because the risk assessment identifies the risks in the workplace and the measures put in place to control or eradicate such risks. In general, risk assessments are important as they reduce the risks of accidents and ill health to everyone. There are five main stages to carrying out a risk assessment: Identify the hazard – this means finding out what the hazards are and what might cause harm by observing but also by speaking with individuals, staff and visitors. Evaluate the risks – this stage involves deciding who might be harmed and how and involves considering everyone in the workplace such as individuals, staff and visitors. Take precautions – this involves deciding on what precautions must be taken to remove, reduce or avoid the hazards for example wearing the appropriate PPE might be a precaution. Review the risks – the effectiveness of the precautions in place should be checked regularly to ensure that they are sufficient. Report and record outcome – the findings of the risk assessment must be recorded and all those involved and who need to know should be given explanations and information on how these risks can be prevented and/or controlled 4.4.3 Explain the importance of carrying out a risk assessment The main aim is to make sure that no one gets hurt or becomes ill. Accidents and ill health can ruin lives, and can also affect business if output is lost, machinery is damaged, insurance costs increase, or if you have to go to court. Therefore, carrying out risk assessments, preparing and implementing a safety statement and keeping both up to date will not in themselves prevent accidents and ill health but they will play a crucial part in reducing their likelihood. Employers, managers and supervisors should all ensure that workplace practices reflect the risk assessments and safety statement. Behaviour, the way in which everyone works, must reflect the safe working practices laid down in these documents. Supervisory checks and audits should be carried out to determine how well the aims set down are being achieved. Corrective action should be taken when required. Additionally, if a workplace is provided for use by others, the safety statement must also set out the safe work practices that are relevant to them. Hence, it is important to carry out a Risk Assessment and prepare a Safety Statement for: 1. Financial reasons: 2. Legal reasons: 3. Moral and ethical reasons: 4.4.4 Describe different types of PPE Aprons and gloves are commonly used types of PPE. Disposable gloves have different type’s namely standard latex (i.e. white gloves used for personal care tasks), nitrile (i.e. used for cleaning tasks) and vinyl (i.e. blue gloves used when handling food). Disposable plastic aprons are placed over uniforms and prevent the uniform from becoming soiled when carrying out different activities (i.e. white apron for personal care and blue for handling food). Other PPE used in care settings can include uniforms (must not be worn outside of work and must be washed on a regular basis) and hats (worn when food is being prepared and served). PPE is used to reduce the  risk of pathogens being transferred from the support worker to the individual, from one individual to another, from one staff member to another. PPE form physical barriers from infections and protect staff from infection carried by individuals and individuals from any pathogens staff may be carrying 5.5.2 Explain the reasons for use of PPE * Gloves- protect hands. * Gowns/aprons-protect skin and/or clothing. * Masks and respirators. * Respirators- protect respiratory tract from airborne infectious agents. * Goggles- protect eyes. * Face shields- protect face, mouth, nose, and eyes. 5.5.3 State current relevant regulations and legislation relating to PPE Employees are responsible to use PPE appropriate and as instructed by employer. An employee has to check PPE before and after use and have to report any damage. Ensuring employees who store and handle dangerous substances are properly trained. Using appropriate precautions when handling substances- for example, wearing protective clothing or ensuring adequate ventilation. Checking containers are properly labelled. 5.5.4 Describe employees’ responsibility regarding the removal of PPE It is the responsibility of employees to ensure that they take reasonable care to protect their own health and safety and that of their co-workers and other persons in or near the workplace. Report to management any hazardous or potentially hazardous conditions or risks that they identify in their work environment. Participate in training provided by the employer, regarding the appropriate use, care, and maintenance of PPE. Uses PPE in accordance with instruction provided and follow 5.5.5 Describe employers’ responsibility regarding the removal of PPE Employers’ responsibilities regarding the use of PPE include providing the correct PPE in relation to the specific tasks that are carried out and for staff members (i.e. the correct fitting PPE); this must be provided free of charge. Employers need to have arrangements in place to make sure PPE is stored correctly and is available when needed. It is the duty of the employer to assess the need of PPE in the work environment. The employer must also train staff and provide them with information and guidance on how to use PPE 5.5.6 Describe the correct practice in the application and removal of PPE ‘Before putting on an apron you must first wash and dry your hands and then the neck strap must be placed over the head and the waist ties fastened behind the back. To remove the apron it is important to limit the areas your hand will touch in order to reduce the possibility of cross infection. You should pull at the neck strap and the waist strap making sure that it does not fall to the floor, then scrunch it up into a ball in your gloved hand and then dispose of it in the yellow bin bag. When removing PPE avoid touching any surface, remove the item before moving to the next patient, place the item in the correct bin and wash and dry your hands afterwards in case of cross contamination. Clinical waste like gloves and aprons are regarded as high risk and must be disposed of properly to reduce the risk of cross infection. Infectious, hazardous materials should be placed in yellow bags for incineration; black bags are for food waste and other waste. 5.5.7 Describe the correct procedure for disposal of used PPE Put on medical gloves and place your PPE in a plastic garbage bag. Tightly tie and secure the garbage bag to prevent dripping. If dripping occurs and garbage touches your skin or clothes, wash them thoroughly. Put PPE in your workplace’s receptacles. It may be labelled for bio hazardous waste. Clean waste containers regularly. Your workplace may require you to clean receptacles daily depending on their policies; and wash hands thoroughly  with soap and warm water after handling. 5.5.8 Describe the key principles of good personal hygiene Some of the principles of good personal hygiene include washing hands before and after tasks and bathing regularly to prevent the spread of infection and body odour, keeping hair clean and tied back, wearing clean clothing and ensuring uniforms worn are washed regularly and only worn in the workplace to avoid the spread of infection, keeping nails trimmed and clean, not wearing jewellery at work as this can be a way of transporting pathogens. 6.6.1 Describe the correct sequence for hand washing The stages for hand washing are as follows: Make sure that you remove any jewellery, Turn the water tap on and make sure that you can place both hands under the water comfortably and that it is at the right temperature so that you can wash your hands, Wet both hands, Apply soap and lather both hands palm to palm, Rub each hand over the back of the other, Interlock fingers and rub fingers, Rub thumbs, Rub palms together, Rinse to remove the soap residue, Dry your hands with either a paper towel or an air drier. 6.6.3 Explain when and why hand washing should be carried out Hand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities with  individuals. 6.6.4 Describe the types of products that should be used for hand washing There are different types of products that should be used for hand washing and these include soap, antiseptic gels and alcohol-based hand rubs. Liquid soap from a dispenser should be used for hand washing in communal areas as these will have less pathogens then if bars of soap are shared between different people. Antiseptic gels contain chemicals that destroy pathogens and these are used where there is a higher risk of infection. Alcohol-based hand rubs should be used in addition to and not instead of hand washing with soaps and antiseptic gels and add an additional protective barrier against pathogens. 6.6.5 Describe correct procedures that relate to skincare. Hand washing should be carried out regularly to help prevent and control the spread of infection and should be washed before starting work and putting on a clean uniform, before and after using PPE, before and after specific tasks such as after using the toilet, before and after handling and serving food, after handling waste, before and after carrying out activities with individuals. It is important to take care of our skin as it protects from pathogens; if the skin is not looked after it could become dry and develop cracks which in turn could become the route of pathogens. It is therefore important that hand cream is applied to help keep skin moisturised so that it does not become dry.

Power and the Glory An UnHoly Priest essays

Power and the Glory An UnHoly Priest essays Power and the Glory - An Un-Holy Priest There is uncertainty as to why Green chose to have the priest in his novel, The Power and the Glory, be such an appalling person. Normally, one thinks of a priest to be the holiest being among all people on this earth. This belief is not proven to be true, however, in this novel. In Christianity, you learn that priesthood is one of the closest things to purity and Godliness that exists on this earth. They dont engage in sexual relationships, and they certainly dont do anything that is against the law. In The Power and the Glory, however, the priest, lovingly known as the whisky priest, does the opposite of these regulations. Firstly, he is an alcoholic. In this time, alcohol was an illegal substance, yet the priest still takes part in drinking it. It seems that almost every situation in which the priest is involved throughout the book, he drinks. In the very beginning, when he first meets Mr. Tench and gets alcohol, all the way through the end when he is arrested and killed for being caught with Brandy. The next subject matter that gives me confusion about the priest is his relationship with Maria. He had sex with her, and she had his child. This is something that among priests is absolutely unheard of, and it bewilders me that the whiskey priest would be involved in such things. The reason the priest was being searched for is because religion was outlawed. Anyone who was found practicing religion was to be put to death. One would think that all the priests would declare their belief in God, and would be willing to die for him. The whisky priest ran from confrontation about his being a priest, and instead, died for alcohol. Throughout the book, I tried to think of the priest as a good man, because most are. The contradiction of his behavior and his beliefs, however, seems like Greene was trying to make his readers think otherwise. An exact...

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buy custom Application Essay essay Today, human beings have turned out to be self-centred. We are always busy, thinking about own benefits and doing only things that help to fulfil our intentions. We think neither about other persons, nor about entire society. The thought that we should be our brothers keepers provoked me to continue staring at Mathew Johnsons lifeless body. After making a journal entry on July 14th, I evaluated how he fought endlessly for society. Soldier Matthew J. Johnson died today in Operation Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan War 2010. He had not died alone since images of other soldiers frequently appeared on BBC News television screen. Haunting and torturous experience they underwent remained in my mind. The nagging memory prompted me to think more about the political interests of nations, which made innocent men like Mathew die. It is unfair that while feigned authorities rule, soldiers try to pursue and execute interests of other people. I felt the need to take on responsibility to raise awarene ss. This memory called me to get out of my comfort zone. One Sunday afternoon, as I was studying for my final 9th grade exam, I exploded. I could barely concentrate since the heavy burden of why should it happen this way? was weighing heavily on me. I lost my countenance and I needed to share my feelings with somebody. I went downstairs, looking for someone to share my feelings with. On my way down, I was having an argument with myself. Although I promised myself to appreciate peoples advice and to turn their passion into constructive emotions, I was already tired of empty opinions and adults attempts to deflate my dreams and control my self-expression. Let me understand you, honey, my father said, why are you upset?. Peoples lack of international responsibility makes me furious was all that came out of my mouth. My father tried to calm me down, when I desperately explained my disappointment with peoples indifference towards international responsibilities, but he did not succeed. People only care about themselves, I concluded, storming out of the door. Nonetheless, several months after this event, I began looking for an explanation of peoples selfishness. I suddenly sensed an enlightenment, knowledgeability and some relief. The fact is people care more about themselves and their individual lives and know little about international concerns. I realized that I was unconsciously shaped by society in which personal interest supersedes morality and, as a result, I felt uncomfortably out of place. When people like dad takee care of their family responsibilities, forgetting everything about fallen soldiers like Mathew Johnson, they are still regarded as good citizens. I could not help thinking about paltry moral standards of small society. The truth was that highlighting others passivity helped me to hide mine. I supposed that the same social patterns could also pertain to me, but I refused to accept the concept of responsibility as newfound limitation. From my perspective, responsibility was not just personal, but also political and even international. I never thought of a dramatic experience of an epiphany that I would come to terms with reality, but that Sunday afternoon, I saw the light. The feeling denoted the start of my quest to bring change to the world. I knew that my efforts would be inconsequential if I attacked the system wholly. Eventually, I knew that knowledge regarding international politics was my strongest weapon. Owing to that occasion, I decided to transform myself. I started to work with many people, volunteered in political projects, and created a website that helps people understand international politics. Finally, I realized that I had to change myself in order to change the world. Hence, I liberated my mind from personal, cultural and family ties to become a global citizen. Nothing changed in the world that day, except me. Buy custom Application Essay essay

Introduction to Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Introduction to Networking - Essay Example Through system analysis, it becomes easy to assess the networking needs of the computer network. As a result of system analysis, it becomes easier for the organization or entity to know the data they need to communicate and how to do it. Secondly, system analysis helps in recognizing the working styles and business opportunities made possible by the technology of networking. While conducting needs assessment using system analysis, it would be advisable to know the results that should be achieved as well as what the system should do. In addition, while using this method, an organization should make sure that they consider their business processes. This involves looking at whether the business processes depend on accessing or producing information; it also hinges on whether the central storage of information could be of any benefit (Rosenblatt & Shelly, 2011). During system analysis, the organization should consider the processes that can be supported by networking. For instance, the need of the staff to access centralized customer records, which might help in creating sales quotations. Through system analysis, the organization estimates the future computing requirements. Of the two methods, system analysis can be regarded as the best method to conduct needs assessment of a computer network. This stems from the fact that this method is all inclusive since it includes many aspects. On the other hand, Adventure works tend to be limited in coverage; thus, it would be advisable to choose system analysis than adventure works questionnaire (McClelland, 1995). Another advantage of system analysis is that it considers the security issues of a computer network. Through system analysis, it becomes easy to set out who will use the computer network, outline the procedures for back-up, and determine the required access controls such as passwords. On the contrary, the

Graduate Labour Market in UK Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Graduate Labour Market in UK - Research Paper Example Therefore, the studying abroad presents the graduates with a lot of employability options which is not available to the other group, thus this shows that studying abroad for at least one semester proves to be a better choice than spending the whole university career in the domestic country. However, on the other hand, there may arise some disadvantage too, that is, when exposed to another culture, the graduate may imbibe some qualities from that culture and when those aspects might not always be understood by the native employer. Despite this shortcoming, it is still seen that employers seek graduates with an international perspective, and prefer those who have studied abroad. Introduction: England, right from the early stages of human civilization, has been blessed with a lot of facilities that other parts of the world have not been. The country, with all its power, has spread its civilization and language across the globe, albeit through colonizing several parts of the world. Howev er, a fact remains that even in modern times English education qualifies a person with the prospect of employment in every part of the world. On the other hand, with the advent of technology relating to various fields, the concept of qualification for getting employed has changed drastically. Where earlier employment has remained focused more on primary and secondary sectors, the past few years have witnessed a transition where most significance is accorded to tertiary or the service sector. This means that notions about employability have changed in the modern day and so have the concepts about the skill sets required for attaining employability. After the phenomenon of globalization has blurred geographical boundaries and the integration of cultures occurred, the concept of employability took a new turn. In addition, the multifaceted developments in the fields of â€Å"economic, political, technological and social spheres† have modified the â€Å"composition of labor suppl y and the types of labor required by contemporary firms† (Chapter 4 n.d. 90). On the other hand, recent years have seen â€Å"rapid expansion of higher ‘tertiary-level’ education† globally (CentrePiece 2007: 7). Therefore, this in itself points to the relation between development and employability, that is, the more technologically advanced the world becomes, the more it calls for the highly skilled workforce to use this technology. With the advancement of technology, quality education has become available to all nations across the world and even third world countries became capable of accessing education at relatively cheaper rates. Thus, in an environment, where access to education has become viable for everyone, the monopoly in quality education became irrelevant. More importantly, so far the service industry is concerned, several norms changed to make it compatible with consumers hailing from a variety of backgrounds. In a situation, where tourists and businessmen from a variety of racial and cultural backgrounds visit England, the employees in an English firm needed to modulate their services to accommodate their expectations.  Ã‚  

Concealed Carry Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Concealed Carry Laws - Essay Example Sub-point 1: Crime rates are lower in states with concealed gun carry laws. Sub-point 2: Crime rates have not worsened in states with concealed gun carry laws. Main Point 2: Banning firearms does not reduce crimes. Sub-point 1: No positive association between gun ownership and violence. Sub-point 2: Studies do not show that gun control laws have reduced crimes. Main Point 3: Cross country history and experience show allowing concealed weapons carry does not make societies less peaceful. Sub-point 1: Among countries, gun control laws are not associated with peace. Sub-point 2: Gun ownership and murder rates are not correlated across countries. Conclusion Based on evidence, there is good basis not to reverse the gains American society has made in allowing the carry of concealed weapons for Americans to protect themselves. The advances in concealed weapons laws have been beneficial and not dangerous for America. Concealed weapon carry laws: Are they beneficial or dangerous for America? Introduction A center known for its being vocal against laws allowing the carry of concealed weapons, the Violence Policy Center, has pointed out that the â€Å"gun lobby’s priority has been establishing and expanding state laws that allow the carrying of concealed handguns by private citizens† (2009, p. 3). According to the center (2009, p. ... The Violence Policy Center has been very concerned and identified three key data on why concealed weapons carry laws are dangerous for America. First, according to the Violence Policy Center (2009, p. 4), â€Å" over the two-year period May 2007 through 2009, concealed handguns permit holders have slain seven law enforcement officers resulting in criminal charges or the suicide of the shooter.† Second, again according to the Violence Policy Center (2009, p. 4), â€Å"concealed handgun permit holders have slain at least 43 private citizens resulting in criminal charges or the suicide of the shooter.† And, third, according to the Violence Policy Center (2009, p. 4), â€Å"in six of the 30 incidents (20 percent), the concealed handgun permit holder killed himself, bringing the total fatality count to 56.† The Violence Policy Center’s concern for violence in America, particularly murders or homicide and suicide is certainly laudable. Indeed, it is the duty of today’s generation to see to it that every citizen is out of harm’s way. Indeed, it is an obligation of today’s generation of Americans to keep society safe and peaceful. Unfortunately, however, the basis for the Violence Policy Center’s concerns against the concealed weapons laws and the attribution the organization places on concealed weapons laws as responsible for the incidences of violence is anecdotal and unscientific. The Violence Policy Center’s arguments are like arguments that because consulting a doctor or being confined in a hospital have been associated with illness or death then society must ban doctors and hospitals because many people have died when they have

Tourism in Philippine Essay Example for Free

Tourism in Philippine Essay The Philippine tourism industry flourished in the 1970s and early 1980s but declined in the mid 1980s, with the average length of tourist stay falling from 12. 6 days in earlier years to 8. 9 days in 1988. In 1987, tourism growth was slower in the Philippines than in other Southeast Asian countries. About 1. 2 million tourists visited the Philippines in 1992, which was a record high in the number of tourist visits since 1989. In 2000, the Philippines tourist arrivals totaled 2. 2 million. In 2003, it totaled 2,838,000, a growth of almost 29%, and was expected to grow as much as 3. 4 million in 2007. In the first quarter of 2007, the tourist arrival in the Philippines grew as much as 20% in same period last year. In 2011, the Department of Tourism recorded 3. 9 million tourists visiting the country,[5] 11. 2 percent higher than the 3. 5 million registered in 2010. In 2012, the Philippines recorded 4. 27 million tourist arrivals, after the Department of Tourism launched a widely publicized tourism marketing campaign titled Its More Fun In the Philippines. The tourism industry employed 3. 8 million Filipinos, or 10. 2 per cent of national employment in 2011, according to data gathered by the National Statistical Coordination Board. In a greater thrust by the Aquino administration to pump billions of dollars into the sector, tourism is expected to employ 7. 4 million people by 2016, or about 18. 8 per cent of the total workforce, contributing 8 per cent to 9 per cent to the nations GDP. Read more: Reasons Why Its More Fun in the Philippines

Is fate a factor :: essays research papers

Fate is the power that is supposed to settle ahead of time how things will happen. Romeo and Juliet lives were ruled by fate. Even though they thought they should be together fate had different plans for both of them. Fate did not rule in their favour. A large part of the beliefs for both Romeo and Juliet involved fate. They believed in the stars, and that their actions weren't always their own. Romeo, for example, Act1 scene4 line107-113 says, "Some consequence yet hanging in the stars...by some vile forfeit of untimely death. But he that hath the steerage over my course Direct my sail." He's basically saying to his friends that he had a dream, which leads him to believe that he will die young because of something in the stars, something that will happen. He ends with "he that hath steerage over my course" which implies that he does not have control over his life if he looks to another power above himself to direct him. He does not feel that he is the one who makes decisions; it is all a higher power with purpose. Romeo says he is in love with Rosaline, who did not return these feelings. A servant of the Capulet's was sent to invite people on a list to a party that the Capulet's were throwing. While Romeo babbled on about his life with Benvolio and kinsmen. Romeo bumped into this servant who asked him to read the list. Rosaline's name appeared which got Romeo to agree to go the party. This sets everything up for the Romeo and Juliet. They met at the party and fell deeply in love with each other. They realize later their identities, but they are in love and won't let their names get in the way of that strong emotional bind. Fate had an immense impact in this scene. Another example of fate was after Romeo killed Tybalt because of Tybalt killing Mercutio in a sword fight. After Romeo kills Tybalt he shouts, Act3 scene1 line136 â€Å"O, I am fortune’s fool!" Here Romeo understands the full impact of this tragic event on his future and how everything started to deteriorate after he met Juliet.

Decision Analysis Study Guide Scheduling

this is the best study guide I could find. Just match the questions with the answers for the study guide. Chapter 15: Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following is true regarding forward scheduling? Forward scheduling is the scheduling of a. the end items or finished products b. jobs as soon as the requirements are known c. the start items or component parts d. the final operation first beginning with the due date Which of the following best describes how short-term schedules are prepared? Short-term schedules are prepared a. directly from the aggregate plans b. directly from the capacity plans c. rom inventory records for items that have been used up d. from master schedules which are derived from aggregate plans Which scheduling technique should be employed when due dates are important for a job order? a. forward scheduling b. loading c. dispatching d. backward scheduling e. master scheduling Which of the following is not an effectiveness criterion for scheduling? a. maxim izing flow time b. minimizing completion time c. minimizing WIP inventory d. maximizing utilization Forward scheduling a. begins with a delivery date, then each operation is offset one at a time, in reverse order b. s well suited where the supplier is usually able to meet precise delivery dates c. tends to minimize in-process inventory d. assumes that procurement of material and operations start as soon as requirements are known Which file contains important information regarding an item's flow through the shop? a. routing file b. work center master file c. control files d. item master file Which of these is not part of the planning files of a production planning and control system? a. a progress file b. a work center master file c. an item master file d. a routing file Which of the following files tracks work order progress? . work center master files b. routing files c. item master files d. control files 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. The production database containing information about each of the components that a firm produces or purchases is the a. routing file b. work center master file c. control file d. item master file The short-term scheduling activity called loading a. assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps b. specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center c. assigns jobs to work centers d. assigns workers to jobs The assignment method is a. a method to highlight overloads in a given work center b. computerized method of determining appropriate tasks for an operation c. a form of linear programming for optimally assigning tasks or jobs to resources d. the same thing as the Gantt schedule chart A scheduling technique used to achieve optimum, one-to-one matching of tasks and resources is a. the assignment method b. Johnson's rule c. the CDS Algorithm d. the appointment method Which of the following is an aid used to monitor jobs in process? a. a Gantt load chart b. the assignment method c. a Gantt schedule chart d. Johnson's Rul e If an assignment problem consists of 6 workers and 7 projects, a. ne worker will not get a project assignment b. one worker will be assigned two projects c. each worker will contribute work toward the seventh project d. one project will not get a worker assigned Orders are processed in the sequence in which they arrive if (the) ______ rule sequences the jobs. a. earliest due date b. slack time remaining c. first come, first serve d. critical ratio 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Which of the following dispatching rules ordinarily gives the best results when the criterion is lowest time for completion of the full sequence of jobs? a. shortest processing time (SPT) b. critical ratio (CR) c. irst in, first out (FIFO) d. first come, first serve (FCFS) 17. Sequencing (or dispatching) a. assigns dates to specific jobs or operations steps b. assigns jobs to work centers c. specifies the order in which jobs should be done at each center d. assigns workers to jobs 18. Five jobs (A, B, C, D, E) are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the shortest processing time dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. Processing Time (days) 4 7 8 3 5 A, B, C, D, E C, E, A, D, B B, D, A, E, C D, A, E, B, C Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 8 9. Five jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the earliest due date dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. Processing Time (days) 4 2 8 3 5 C, E, A, D, B A, B, C, D, E B, D, A, E, C C, B, A, E, D Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 8 20. Flow time represents the time a. an order spends waiting for processing at a work center b. an order spends being processed at a work center c. an order spends moving from one work center to another d. o complete an order, including time spent in processing and in waiting Which of the following dispatching rules tends to minimize job flow time? a. FCFS: first come, first served b. SPT: shortest processing time c. EDD: earliest due date d. LPT: longest processing time Average completion time for a schedule sequence at a work center is total a. processing time divided by the number of jobs b. flow time divided by total processing time c. flow time divided by the number of jobs d. processing time plus total late time divided by number of jobs Five welding jobs are waiting to be processed. Their processing times and due dates are given below. Using the critical ratio dispatching rule, in which order should the jobs be processed? 21. 22. 23. Job A B C D E a. b. c. d. 24. Processing Time (days) 4 2 8 3 5 B, D, A, E, C C, D, A, B, E C, E, A, D, B E, B, A, D, C Job due date (days) 7 4 11 5 11 Which of the following dispatching rules allows easy updates? a. FCFS: first come, first served b. SPT: shortest processing time c. EDD: earliest due date d. CR: critical ratio The priority rule which processes jobs according to the smallest ratio of due date to processing time is: a. ritical ratio b. earliest due date c. first come, first serve d. longest processing time Which of the following is an advantage of the FCFS dispatching rule when used in services? a. FCFS seems fair to customers b. FCFS minimizes the average number of jobs in the system c. FCFS minimizes the average lateness of all jobs d. FCFS maximizes the number of jobs completed on time The most appropriate sequencin g rule to use if the goal is to dynamically track the progress of jobs and establish relative priority on a common basis is a. shortest processing time b. earliest due date c. critical ratio d. Johnson's rule Use of the sequencing rule Shortest Processing Time generally results in a. minimum average lateness b. maximum utilization c. maximum effectiveness d. minimum average flow time When a set of jobs must pass through two workstations whose sequence is fixed, ______ is the rule most commonly applied. a. Johnson's Rule b. earliest due date rule c. first come, first serve rule d. slack time remaining A recent advance in short-term scheduling that makes use of expert systems and simulation in solving dynamic scheduling problems is a. forward scheduling b. backward scheduling c. infinite scheduling 5. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. d. finite scheduling 31. Which of the following techniques does not contribute to increasing throughput at a bottleneck? a. schedule throughput to match capacity of the bottleneck b. increase capacity of constraint c. have cross-trained employees available to operate the constraint d. develop alternate routings An appliance manufacturer assembles icemakers in large batches. The operations manager would like to significantly reduce the batch size. What would you suggest? a. use the SPT rule b. use forward scheduling c. use finite scheduling d. develop level material use schedules 33. A firm wants to develop a level material use schedule based on the following data. What should be the setup cost? desired lot size: 60 annual demand: 40,000 holding cost: $20 per unit per year daily production rate: 320 # of work days per year: 250 a. b. c. d. 34. $0. 45 $4. 50 $45 $450 32. Factory X is trying to use level use scheduling. If their first target were to cut the current lot size in half, by what proportion must setup cost change? a. Setup cost must be cut to one-fourth its current value. b. Setup cost must also be cut in half from its current value. c. Setup cost must double from its current value. . Cannot be determined. Which of the following is true regarding services scheduling? a. The Critical Ratio sequencing rule is widely used for fairness to customers. b. The emphasis is on staffing levels, not materials. c. Reservation systems are often used a means of manipulating the supply of services. d. Labor use can be intensive, and labor demand is usually stable. c d c a c d c d b c b d 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. a a c d a d a d a a b 35. Chapter 15: Multiple Choice Answers 13. 1. b 14. 2. d 15. 3. d 16. 4. a 17. 5. d 18. 6. a 19. 7. a 20. 8. d 21. 9. d 22. 10. c 23. 11. c 24. 12. a

To find the best insulating material by measuring how quickly water cools

Theory: My reason for choosing plastic and coconut as the best insulator is because company's use plastic when producing things to contain heat. An example of this is a kettle, which use's plastic to keep the heat in so that it does not escape. Plastic is also used on the handles of pot's and pans, which deal with a lot of heat when cooking. Coconut is also a good insulator because when you cut down a coconut from the palm tree there is a lot of liquid inside of it. This liquid is kept inside of with out having the liquid evaporating. When you combine the two together you get the best of both. You are also trapping air in between the two materials. There are also three ways heat can travel these as conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction: This is the process in which heat is transferred from molecule to molecule by vibrating into each other hence passing the energy. All materials allow energy to pass through them by conduction. The particles of a gas are spread out making them poor conductors of energy because they are so spread out. Convection: If a temperature difference arises within a liquid or a gas, then fluid motion will almost certainly occur. This transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another. Radiation: The process of transmitting waves or particles through space, or some medium; or such waves or particles themselves. Waves and particles have many characteristics in common; usually, however, the radiation is predominantly in one form or the other. Variables: In this investigation there are many variables. I will have to do many things to ensure this is a fair investigation. 1. I will change the water each time I complete a set of results and use the same source of water. 2. I will use the same copper mug for all experiments. 3. I will heat all water to 80C 4. I will work in the same conditions each time. 5. I will use the same amount of material each time 6. I will use a lid of tin foil each time. 7. The mug will have one layer of tin foil around it. 8. The mug will be kept away from anything that may speed up the time it takes to cool Safety precautions: To keep the experiment safe I shall * Wear goggles at all times due to the danger of hot water * Wear a thick overall, which can be removed if any hot water is spilled. * Wear gloves to protect hands from being burnt. Equipment 1 mug 1 kettle 1 thermometer 1 heat mat 1 water source 1 of each material (5 in total) 1 tin foil lid Method:In the experiment, I am going to test 5 different materials in order to discover which is the best at insulating heat. We are to test the materials by wrapping them around a mug, which I will fill with 200ml of hot water at 80c and take the temperature every minute for 10 minutes. This will enable me to see the temperature decline clearly. I will repeat this sequence 3 times for each material to make sure it is fair and take a table of averages at the end. I will be using a thermometer to record the temperature, which is accurate to O.5c. The thermometer will be placed through the tin foil lid. Preliminary Experiment: This is the first of the series in which I used only the mug with a layer of tin foil around it. I used no lid so I could see the effects of convection and then decide on whether to use a lid in the real experiments using materials. In this we tried to use 300ml of water but found it to be impractical so will use only 200ml for the final experiment. Trying to get water at any temperature higher than 80oc was a rush and mistakes can be made in a rush so we will use 80oc in the final experiment. We tried using a data logger with a heat probe and a thermometer. We discovered cooling was very quick in this way so we will use a lid in the final experiment. We found the data logger to be rather unreliable so will use the thermometer in the real experiment. Analysis. Graphs and tables on separate sheet. Conclusion: The graph shows a trend with all the materials I have tested in that they all show negative correlation. As time goes on (as temperatures are displayed on the graph for every minute), the temperature of the water decreases. The graph shows the steady decline of temperature with the continuance of time over the ten minute testing time. The poorer insulating materials have steeper declines. The better insulating materials have less steep/ flatter declines. There is a range between the temperatures of the water after the ten minute testing time of 4.5 oC between the best and worst insulating material. In the early stages of the graph, the points ( of temperatures vs. time ) are all fairly close together. With the further continuance of time, larger ranges of temperature occur on the graph as aspects such as conduction, convection and radiation play further part in the cooling process. It is these 3 factors which an insulating material must contend with to determine how good it is at insulating heat. Conduction is the most influential factor of this cooling investigation so the better insulating materials needed to be good at trapping air to insulate heat as air is a poor thermal conductor which explains why felt and coconut on plastic were better insulators than cotton for example because coconut on plastic and felt are both thick materials and made of matted fibres so were able to trap air and insulate the heat well. In theory, the wool should have been best at reducing conduction as it is very thick and matted but it has square gaps between each strand ofwool where it has been sown together allowing heat to pass through. The poor insulating materials (Nylon and cotton) are very thin so unable to trap air hence being poor thermal insulating materials. The graph reflects the influence of conduction as the materials best at reducing it cooled slowest. Convection occurs through the sides of the mug but mainly through the top of the mug. To prevent this I have used a tin foil lid. This makes it fajr for all tested materials as they all have convection reduced equally out of the top of the mug leaving the material to insulate the convection occurring through the sides. Radiation can be absorbed or reflected by opaque surfaces and dull rough surfaces absorb more heat. This is much like the properties of coconut on plastic which is why it was good at insulating radiation because its outer plastic could absorb radiation and the dull and rough inside coconut could also absorb heat. This is another reason why it performed best.

Andrew Cunningham - Admiral Andrew Cunningham - World War II - Royal Navy

Andrew Cunningham - Admiral Andrew Cunningham - World War II - Royal Navy Andrew Cunningham - Early Life Career: Andrew Browne Cunningham was born January 7, 1883, outside Dublin, Ireland. The son of anatomy professor Daniel Cunningham and his wife Elizabeth, the Cunninghams family was of Scottish extraction. Largely raised by his mother, he began schooling in Ireland before being sent to Scotland to attend the Edinburgh Academy. At the age of ten, he accepted his fathers offer of pursuing a naval career and left Edinburgh to enter the Naval Preparatory School at Stubbington House. In 1897, Cunningham was accepted as a cadet in the Royal Navy and assigned to the training school aboard HMS Britannia at Dartmouth. Highly interested in seamanship, he proved a strong student and graduated 10th in a class of 68 the following April. Ordered to HMS Doris as a midshipman, Cunningham traveled to the Cape of Good Hope. While there, the Second Boer War began ashore. Believing there to be opportunity for advancement on land, he transferred to the Naval Brigade and saw action in Pretoria and Diamond Hill. Returning to sea, Cunningham moved through several ships before commencing sub-lieutenants courses at Portsmouth and Greenwich. Passing, he was promoted and assigned to HMS Implacable. Andrew Cunningham - World War I: Promoted to lieutenant in 1904, Cunningham passed through several peacetime postings before receiving his first command, HM Torpedo Boat #14 four years later. In 1911, Cunningham was placed in command of the destroyer HMS Scorpion. Aboard at the outbreak of World War I, he took part in the failed pursuit of the German battlecruiser SMS Goeben and cruiser SMS Breslau. Remaining in the Mediterranean, Scorpion participated in the early 1915 attack on the Dardanelles at the beginning of the Gallipoli Campaign. For his performance, Cunningham was promoted to commander and received the Distinguished Service Order. Over the next two years, Cunningham took part in routine patrol and convoy duty in the Mediterranean. Seeking action, he requested a transfer and returned to Britain in January 1918. Given command of HMS Termagent in Vice Admiral Roger Keyes Dover Patrol, he performed well and earned a bar for his DSO. With the end of the war, Cunningham moved to HMS Seafire and in 1919 received orders to sail for the Baltic. Serving under Rear Admiral Walter Cowan, he worked to keep the sea lanes open to newly independent Estonia and Latvia. For this service he was awarded a second bar for his DSO. Andrew Cunningham - Interwar Years: Promoted to captain in 1920, Cunningham moved through a number of senior destroyer commands and later served as Fleet Captain and Chief of Staff to Cowan in the North America and West Indies Squadron. He also attended the Army Senior Officers School and the Imperial Defense College. Upon completing the latter, he received his first major command, the battleship HMS Rodney. In September 1932, Cunningham was elevated to rear admiral and made Aide-de-Camp to King George V. Returning to the Mediterranean Fleet the following year, he oversaw its destroyers which relentlessly trained in ship handling. Raised to vice admiral in 1936, he was made second in command of the Mediterranean Fleet and placed in charge of its battlecruisers. Highly regarded by the Admiralty, Cunningham received orders to return to Britain in 1938 to assume the post of Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff. Taking this position in December, he was knighted the following month. Performing well in London, Cunningham received his dream posting on June 6, 1939, when he was made commander of the Mediterranean Fleet. Hoisting his flag aboard HMS Warspite, he began planning for operations against the Italian Navy in case of war. Andrew Cunningham - World War II: With the beginning of World War II in September 1939, Cunninghams primary focus became protecting the convoys that supplied British forces in Malta and Egypt. With the defeat of France in June 1940, Cunningham was forced to enter into tense negotiations with Admiral Rene-Emile Godfroy regarding the status of the French squadron at Alexandria. These talks were complicated when the French admiral learned of the British attack on Mers-el-Kebir. Through skillful diplomacy, Cunningham succeeded in convincing the French to allow their ships to be interned and their men repatriated. Though his fleet had won several engagements against the Italians, Cunningham sought to dramatically alter the strategic situation and reduce the threat to Allied convoys. Working with the Admiralty, a daring plan was conceived which called for a nighttime air strike against the Italian fleets anchorage at Taranto. Moving forward on November 11-12, 1940, Cunninghams fleet approached the Italian base and launched torpedo planes from HMS Illustrious. A success, the Taranto Raid sank one battleship and badly damaged two more. The raid was extensively studied by the Japanese when planning their attack on Pearl Harbor. In late March 1941, under heavy pressure from Germany to halt the Allied convoys, the Italian fleet sortied under the command of Admiral Angelo Iachino. Informed of enemy movements by Ultra radio intercepts, Cunningham met the Italians and won a decisive victory at the Battle of Cape Matapan on March 27-29. In the battle, three Italian heavy cruisers were sunk and a battleship damaged in exchange for three British killed. That May, following the Allied defeat on Crete, Cunningham successfully rescued over 16,000 men from the island despite taking heavy losses from Axis aircraft. Andrew Cunningham - Later War: In April 1942, with the United States now in the war, Cunningham was appointed to the naval staff mission to Washington, DC and built a strong relationship with the Commander-in-Chief of the US Fleet, Admiral Ernest King. As a result of these meetings, he was given command of the Allied Expeditionary Force, under General Dwight D. Eisenhower, for the Operation Torch landings in North Africa late that fall. Promoted to admiral of the fleet, he returned to the Mediterranean Fleet in February 1943, and worked tirelessly to ensure that no Axis forces would escape from North Africa. With the conclusion of the campaign, he again served under Eisenhower in commanding the naval elements of the invasion of Sicily in July 1943 and the landings in Italy that September. With the collapse of Italy, he was present at Malta on September 10 to witness the formal surrender of the Italian fleet. Following the death of the First Sea Lord, Admiral of the Fleet Sir Dudley Pound, Cunningham was appointed to the post on October 21. Returning to London, he served as a member of the Chiefs of Staff committee and provided overall strategic direction for the Royal Navy. In this role, Cunningham attended the major conferences at Cairo, Tehran, Quebec, Yalta and Potsdam during which plans for the invasion of Normandy and defeat of Japan were formulated. Cunningham remained First Sea Lord through the end of the war until his retirement in May 1946. Andrew Cunningham - Later Life: For his wartime service, Cunningham was created Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope. Retiring to Bishops Waltham in Hampshire, he lived in a house that he and his wife, Nona Byatt (m. 1929), had purchased before the war. During his retirement, he held several ceremonial titles including Lord High Steward at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. Cunningham died at London on June 12, 1963, and was buried at sea off Portsmouth. A bust was unveiled in Trafalgar Square in London on April 2, 1967 by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh in his honor. Selected Sources History of War: Admiral Andrew Cunningham Royal Navy Museum: Andrew Cunningham